Laser marking machines, as a typical application of laser technology, have developed rapidly in recent years. When selecting a laser marking machine, besides focusing on the brand, it’s important to understand the different processing methods to ensure the best results. The essence of laser marking is to use high-energy lasers to ablate the material surface, thereby forming text or patterns. Therefore, based on the effect, laser marking can be divided into two types: hot processing and cold processing.
- Hot Processing: High-Power “Ablation”
Generally, laser marking machines that use fiber lasers and CO2 lasers fall into the category of hot processing. These laser marking machines typically use higher power lasers, (fiber laser machines usually start from 20W, and CO2 laser machines start from 30W). When the laser beam hits the material surface, the material quickly absorbs the laser energy, producing a significant thermal effect. So, the characteristic of hot processing is a strong thermal effect, which easily produces a “burnt” feel.
- Cold Processing: “Gentle” Precision Micro-Sculpting
In contrast to hot processing, ultraviolet (UV) laser marking machines are usually classified as cold processing. UV laser marking machines have relatively low output power (generally 3W or 5W). When the laser acts on the material, it primarily damages the material through a non-thermal process, and the thermal effect is very small or negligible. Therefore, cold processing has special applications in the laser marking industry, especially for fine marking on glass, non-metallic materials, and metal surfaces.
In short, hot processing uses high-power lasers to generate a thermal effect for marking. On the other hand, cold processing uses low-power lasers for precise marking through non-thermal effects. Choosing which processing method depends on the specific application scenario and the desired processing effect. With the right laser marking machine, you can achieve optimal results.